Explore Video

ESR1 mutation leads to ligand independent activation of estrogen receptor. ESR1 mutations were first described in 1997 & their role remain underestimated as initial research was focused on primary tumor wherein these mutations were absent.

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) or Myeloproliferative Neoplasms show considerable heterogeneity with respect to presence of anemia , cytopenia & molecular features.

The landscape of HR+ve/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) has evolved significantly with the introduction of newer treatment options such as CDK4/6 inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, and selective estrogen receptor down regulators.

Selecting the right patients for early initiation of hypomethylating agents (HMAs) in low-risk MDS involves identifying those with progressive cytopenias, poor prognostic mutations, or high-risk features despite low-risk classification.

Anticipate & manage adverse events to optimize treatment outcomes: Patients treated with hypomethylating agents are at increased risk of cytopenias & might need support with transfusions.

Anti-HER2 directed therapy remains the cornerstone of care for individuals with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

Tumors with a HER-2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) score of 1 + or 2 + and a negative molecular reflex test have been classified as HER2-low Breast Cancers.

Immune cells known as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are thought to be a promising, affordable biomarker with prognostic and predictive potential.

Bone marrow examination-based diagnosis of MDS with either biopsy or aspirate remains standard of care but is associated with pain, bleeding, difficulty to use the same in elderly patients and hIgh interobserver variability.

Multiple Myeloma is an incurable disease with patients relapsing even after achieving deep responses. Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) represents a relatively new way of evaluating response to treatment.